Established in 1833, the temple began as a small shrine built by Indian immigrants who arrived in Penang to work at the harbor and on plantations. It was significantly expanded in 1933 when the current ornate gopuram was added. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Mariamman, the South Indian mother goddess worshipped for protection and healing. It serves as a vital cultural hub, especially during the festivals of Navratri and Thaipusam. During Thaipusam, the temple's silver chariot carrying the statue of Lord Murugan traditionally begins its procession here, winding through the streets of George Town. Its Dravidian architecture is a rare and well-preserved example of South Indian craftsmanship in Malaysia.