The Batu Caves limestone is estimated to be around 400 million years old. While the caves were used by early indigenous tribes, they became a significant religious site in the late $19^{\text{th}}$ century when K. Thamboosamy Pillay, a prominent leader of the Indian community, dedicated a temple to Lord Murugan within the caves. He was inspired by the cave’s entrance, which he felt resembled a vel (the divine spear of Lord Murugan). Today, it is the focal point of the annual Thaipusam festival in Malaysia, attracting over a million pilgrims and tourists who come to witness the dramatic procession and elaborate kavadis. The site is not only a place of worship but also a sanctuary for local macaques and a popular destination for rock climbing enthusiasts.